Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS)

The Iliotibial Band is a thick strip of connective tissue that is made of collagen fibers and fibroblast cells.

This allows it to withstand forces from the connected quadricep and hamstring muscles.

It runs from the lateral side of the hip, down the outside of the thigh, and to the top of the shinbone.

Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS) is typically an overuse injury that causes pain on the lateral aspect of the knee joint and distal thigh. IT Band Syndrome tends to be caused by friction between the IT band cross section and the knee joint. The friction between these structures can lead to inflammation and tightening, causing the typical pain associated with ITBS.

Without inflammation, a fluid-filled sac called ‘bursa’ in the knee joint allows the IT band to glide over the joint during movement. When the IT band is inflamed, there is more friction between these structures, particularly with activities that involve bending. Symptoms that accompany pain can include clicking, popping, or a snapping sensation between the knee and hip joint.

IT Band Syndrome is often caused by overuse of muscles which bend the knee, therefore, it is common in runners, hikers, and cyclers. Treatment for this issue includes rest and reducing or modifying physical activities that are performed regularly. There is also the option of surgical intervention, however, this is quite rare.

Factors that can make one more susceptible to experiencing IT Band Syndrome include…

  • Increases in work / activity levels

  • Previous injuries

  • Weak hip, glute, or abdominal muscles

  • Flat feet

  • Bowed legs

  • Knee arthritis

IT band syndrome is more likely to affect athletes that play soccer, basketball, or any sport that places excessive pressure on the knee joints. A lack of proper warm-up, cool-down, or rest can also increase the likelihood of an athlete experiencing IT Band Syndrome.

The IT Band works with the quadricep and hamstring muscles to assist in abduction, internal rotation, and flexion of the thigh. It also helps to support knee extension. , therefore, it is importantly associated with forward, backward, and lateral motions coming from the lower extremities. This makes the IT Band an important contributor to forwards, backwards, and lateral lower extremity movements as well as stabilization.

Try these exercise to help IT Band Tightness : 

- Side Lying Hip Abduction

- Forward Fold with Legs Crossed

- Foam Rolling / Self-Release

- Banded Glute Bridges

- Hip Hikes


Sunny Deolphysiotherapist, physiotherapy, physical therapy, hip, knee, quad, pain, injury, rehabilitation